What is the Subject-Based Banding System in Singapore and Why Does It Matter?

Singapore’s Ministry of Education fully introduced the Subject-Based Banding System (SBB) for all Secondary 1 students in 2024. But what is the subject-based banding system in Singapore, and why is this shift so significant for students and parents? Full Subject-Based Banding replaces traditional streaming and recognises that every student has unique strengths across subjects, whether in the Arts, Mathematics, Sciences, Languages, or Humanities. Here’s a closer look at what the subject-based banding system is in Singapore, how it works, and why it’s such a groundbreaking move.

What is Subject-Based Banding in Singapore?

The subject-based banding system in Singapore aims to move away from the previous streaming labels of “Express,” “Normal Academic (NA),” and “Normal Technical (NT)” by introducing a more flexible model of learning based on students’ strengths, interests and learning needs at appropriate junctures. Instead of being assigned to streams, students are placed in classes based on their proficiency in each subject, allowing them to engage more closely with the areas they excel in. It’s about personalising education, fostering a more inclusive environment, and enabling students to thrive based on their own strengths and interests.

The G1, G2, and G3 Subject Levels

Under the subject-based banding system in Singapore, students are grouped into levels: G1, G2, and G3 (G stands for General). These levels are mapped from the previous N(T), N(A) and Express standards respectively and correspond to increasing levels of academic demand, replacing the need for rigid streaming systems. Students are initially placed in these levels according to their PSLE scores, which act as a guideline:

• G1 is the least demanding level
• G2 offers a standard curriculum suited for the majority of students.
• G3 is the most demanding level, often selected by students with a strong grasp of the subject matter.

The subject-based banding system in Singapore does not end with fixed placements. Students have the flexibility to adjust their subject levels over time based on their performance and interests. This flexibility means a student strong in one subject can take it at a higher level (e.g., moving from G2 to G3), while potentially lowering the level in subjects they find more challenging.

In Singapore’s academic grading, G3 is the hardest level, representing the highest level of difficulty within the Full Subject-Based Banding system. Designed for students who demonstrate strong proficiency in specific subjects, G3 challenges them with rigorous content and exam formats that prepare them for further academic pursuits. Unlike G1 and G2 levels, which cater to foundational and intermediate competencies, G3 offers more depth and complexity, especially in subjects like Mathematics, Science, and Languages. For students at the G3 level, the goal is to push their boundaries and equip them for post-secondary pathways that require higher-order thinking and analytical skills.

It is essential for both students and parents to understand that students taking subjects at G3 level need to be prepared for a more demanding curriculum. If your child is in G3 or is considering moving up to it, having additional support can make a big difference in building confidence and mastering the material. Remember, academic grading in Singapore has evolved to fit students’ individual strengths, but with G3 as the most demanding level, a well-planned support system is key for success.

Lower Secondary: Exploring and Adapting

In lower secondary school, the subject-based banding system in Singapore lets students explore subjects across various disciplines, offering both examinable and non-examinable options. During these years, students will be in form classes with students from different posting groups so that they can experience a common G2 curriculum in subjects like History, Literature, and Geography, which encourages social interaction and peer learning across ability levels. This part of the subject-based banding system in Singapore is essential as it allows students to reflect on their academic experiences and identify areas of interest they may want to specialise in later.

Upper Secondary: Specialisation and Preparation for Post-Secondary

From Secondary 3 onwards, the subject-based banding system in Singapore allows students to choose elective subjects like Computing, Art, or Additional Mathematics. A student who has done well in G1 Maths in lower secondary, for example, can advance to G2 or even G3 in upper secondary. Importantly, this system aligns with post-secondary goals, as students may need specific G3 subjects for entry into Junior Colleges, Polytechnics, or other pathways.

Examinations and a Single Sitting System

Under the subject-based banding system in Singapore, national examinations will see a new approach. By 2027, students graduating from secondary school will sit for the Singapore-Cambridge Secondary Education Certificate (SEC) examinations at their respective G1, G2, or G3 levels, replacing the former O-Levels and N-Levels. The exams are conducted in a single sitting, with all students taking the examination for their subject simultaneously but with different papers according to their level. English and Mother Tongue exams are scheduled for September, with others held from October to November.

Pathways for Post-Secondary Education

The subject-based banding system in Singapore has also transformed post-secondary admissions, making it possible for students with different subject combinations to pursue diverse educational and career pathways. Here’s how full SBB affects these opportunities:

1. Junior College (JC) Admission – Students will be evaluated based on their G3 subjects, without changes to the current points system.
2. Polytechnic Admission – Admission requirements now permit students to include one of their “best” subjects as either a G2 or G3 subject, allowing entry flexibility and easing access to diploma courses.
3. Institute of Technical Education (ITE) – Students aiming for Higher Nitec can apply with G2 or a mix of G2 and G3 subjects as long as they meet the minimum aggregate score requirements.

Furthermore, the Polytechnic Foundation Programme (PFP) will become available to a broader range of students, allowing those in both G2 and G3 levels to participate. This opens additional pathways to polytechnic education, where they can leverage their strongest subjects.

Benefits of the Subject-Based Banding System in Singapore

For Singaporean students and parents, the subject-based banding system offers a range of benefits:

• Personalised Learning Paths – Students can adjust their subjects to match their strengths and interests, making learning more engaging and meaningful.
• Equity and Inclusivity – By removing traditional streaming, full SBB creates a learning environment where students of different abilities learn and grow together.
• Flexible Progression – Students have the opportunity to progress to higher levels in subjects they excel in, fostering motivation and allowing greater academic challenge.
• Greater Post-Secondary Flexibility – full SBB opens new pathways to JCs, Polytechnics, and ITEs, enhancing students’ future educational and career options.

A More Personalised, Inclusive Educational Landscape

What is the subject-based banding system in Singapore aiming to achieve? At its core, SBB seeks to create a more personalised, inclusive educational landscape where every student has the chance to shine. For Singaporean students and parents, the full subject-based banding system is a monumental shift, promising to shape future generations by encouraging adaptability, resilience, and a love of learning. As the education system continues to evolve, parents and students are encouraged to embrace the opportunities full SBB provides and to consider how it can serve as a stepping stone to a bright and successful future.

Understanding the full Subject-Based Banding system can be a lot to take in, especially with the transition from Primary 6 to Secondary 1.  Whether your child is a Primary 6 student preparing for the change or already a Secondary 1 student adapting to the rigour of the secondary English curriculum, we are here to help. With WordStruck’s classes thoughtfully designed to support our students with strategies tailored for secondary-level challenges, they will grow their confidence and skills in this exciting new phase. Don’t hesitate to reach out with any questions you may have about full SBB or the secondary English curriculum —let us support your child in achieving success in this new educational journey!